A Minor Charater in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness :: Heart Darkness essays

A Minor Charater in Heart of Darkness   Heart of Darkness is a novel in which many relatively minor characters serve major functions in the overall meaning of the work. One such character is Kurtzs Intended who starkly contrasts against Kurtzs evil to emend show the evil and primal side of man.     The Intended is the embodiment of mans denial of the truth of interior(a) evil. In the painting of the Intended, her blindfold shows her blindness to the truth, symbolized by the flannel mullein she holds. The truth of mans evil is within her grasp, but yet she allows herself to be blinded so she cannot accept this to be true. She is in denial -- as far as she knows, if she cant see the evil or that it holds a penetrating presence, it does not exist to her.     Ironically, however, Conrad describes the Intended as having a shade of truthfulness upon her features. She is an innocent -- the word aura compounds that notion however this too is ironic. She i s only a person, just as capable of malevolence as anyone else, which is symbolized by the black she wears. Marlow only lies about Kurtzs living and death to spare the Intended the knowledge of what Kurtz had become -- a manifestation of raw human evil. Marlow is the blindfold that shields her from the truth that Kurtz fell to a natural inner compulsion towards iniquity, and that this inner evil exists everywhere.     Because she denies the existence of an inner evil, the Intended is only as innocent as a human being can be. This honour contrasts severely with Kurtzs own evil. This innocent girl was the fiancee of a murderer demi-god who decapitated people. She is the innocent side of the relationship, or the yang. She is pure, but with a spot of dark being the potential for evil only because she is human. Kurtz is the dark side of the relationship, the yin. He is an animated figure of death who once was noble and innocent, like the fiancee. He went to Africa with true intentions, but was corrupted by unadulterated freedom. With no society to tell him how to act, he fell prey to his inner darkness.

Exploring Death in the Novels, Moby Dick and Ahabs Wife :: Moby Dick Essays

Exploring Death in the noneels, Moby Dick and Ahabs WifeNineteen years of my career has passed. By age nineteen, Una Spencer of Ahabs Wife had experienced numerous cycles of contentment and isolation, base hit and loss. I cannot pretend to say that I have hold outd even as marginally an emotionally tumultuous life as Unas, but like intimately people, I can say something of loss and sacrifice. One of the last things my grandmother said on the hospital bed in which she died was to ask my mother whether I had been accepted to my first-choice college. I was not with my grandmother when she died, but the fact that she had asked about something so inconsequential and irrelevant about my life reveals the way she viewed her own life and death without idealization, regret, or fear. She instead left my family with a legacy of love, selflessness, and beauty. Dont ask when you will die. Ask how you can live more fully...Am I dying? No. I am living until I cant live anymore (Caputo). Stated by a writer with terminal cancer, this quotation encompasses how I want to live my life, which is why I have a difficult time understanding the characters of Moby Dick and Ahabs Wife, particularly those of the former. Many of the crew on damned Pequod knew that their ship was destined for death, yet they did not protest their lot, but rather accepted their inevitable fate with an emotionless resignation as though they had died even before they stepped root word on the ship. They died as if to avoid the pain of living a passive suicide. The crew of the Sussex, however, was less overt in their willingness to end their lives because they had led a relatively gratifying existence. Giles and Kit had their companionship to savor on quiet nights, while Captain Fry had Chester to love. These characters were not emotionally-devoid, just weak of spirit-too dependant on evanescent quiet waters to keep them safe. Death seems to be a recurrent presence in both novels. Almost all of the chara cters of Moby Dick perish by the end of the novel, while many of the people whom Una loves are abruptly taken from her life. However, there is a discrepancy in the manner in which the various characters satiate their end. Both captains are suicidal, but there is a much larger element of sadness in Captain Frys death.

Essay --

Popular representations of argue encompass how different generations and societies have seen, witnessed and explained or justify wars through the use of language, literature, visual arts and later, films. Contemporary war refers to the new concepts, weaponry, and technologies that have been used at the beginning of WWII to the present time period. Over the eld that have passed, the methods and concepts have assumed newer complex forms, mainly collectible to widesp exact use of information and technology and also modern armies that have constantly upgraded to remain their conflict worthiness. Further more(prenominal), contemporary war has sought the greater comprehension of civilians and civilian infrastructure as targets in destroying a nations capability of waging war. As an happy corollary of favourite representations of war, Homers epic poem, The Iliad, tries to show its audience the agony and loss caused by war, in his time period. In addition, some of the main themes in favorite representations of war are, for example, the theme of wrath and revenge, motives that have been the start of many wars and the theme of military prowess. However, The Iliad can also be seen as a misleading corollary that disconnects from common representations of war through the centuries, due to the fact that it excludes the theme of battle or combat suffering, since in The Iliad, soldiers die instantly, whereas the author does not expose to the readers the suffering incident so many wounded soldiers, who die a easily and un-hero like death. Using adequate quotes from The Iliad, Lokesson, Shay, and other outside sources, we will try to understand how The Iliad is an apt and a misleading corollary to understand popular representations of war.The Greek ancient ... ...wn us a less tidy affair, involving many conflicting needs and many more possibilities of dissent. Overall, one thing remains clear, whether in The Iliad or in other depictions of war through the times, it is the young that are sent to the battlefield, either to gain anchor ring or to die, thus, as Herbert Hoover once said grey men declare war. But it is the youth that must fight and die. The Iliad is no different, as it understandably shows us that war is waged by those that can physically fight it, that show the bravery and masculine love for the affair and that have something to gain (or lose) from it. The Iliad thus, becomes perhaps, one of the superior depictions of how war is fought and why it is fought, and the pathos it brings to all it touches. If we still read it 2,500 years or so, after it was written, it must conjure powerful feelings with which we still identify. Essay -- Popular representations of war encompass how different generations and societies have seen, witnessed and explained or justified wars through the use of language, literature, visual arts and later, films. Contemporary war refers to the new concepts, weaponry, and technologies that hav e been used at the beginning of WWII to the present time period. Over the years that have passed, the methods and concepts have assumed newer complex forms, mainly due to widespread use of information and technology and also modern armies that have constantly upgraded to preserve their battle worthiness. Furthermore, contemporary war has sought the greater inclusion of civilians and civilian infrastructure as targets in destroying a nations capability of waging war. As an apt corollary of popular representations of war, Homers epic poem, The Iliad, tries to show its audience the suffering and loss caused by war, in his time period. In addition, some of the main themes in popular representations of war are, for example, the theme of wrath and revenge, motives that have been the start of many wars and the theme of military prowess. However, The Iliad can also be seen as a misleading corollary that disconnects from popular representations of war through the centuries, due to the fact t hat it excludes the theme of battle or combat suffering, since in The Iliad, soldiers die instantly, whereas the author does not expose to the readers the suffering accompanying so many wounded soldiers, who die a slow and un-hero like death. Using adequate quotes from The Iliad, Lokesson, Shay, and other outside sources, we will try to understand how The Iliad is an apt and a misleading corollary to understand popular representations of war.The Greek ancient ... ...wn us a less tidy affair, involving many conflicting needs and many more possibilities of dissent. Overall, one thing remains clear, whether in The Iliad or in other depictions of war through the times, it is the young that are sent to the battlefield, either to gain glory or to die, thus, as Herbert Hoover once said Old men declare war. But it is the youth that must fight and die. The Iliad is no different, as it clearly shows us that war is waged by those that can physically fight it, that show the bravery and mascul ine love for the affair and that have something to gain (or lose) from it. The Iliad thus, becomes perhaps, one of the greatest depictions of how war is fought and why it is fought, and the pathos it brings to all it touches. If we still read it 2,500 years or so, after it was written, it must conjure powerful feelings with which we still identify.

Hamlet by William Shakespeare :: Character Analysis, Classics

<< In the play Hamlet by William Shakesphere, the main character, Hamlet, has a high level of intelligence. In Denmark, Hamlet is the son of the king who had belatedly passed away(predicate), and the queen who betrayed her husband to marry Hamlets uncle soon after his death. Hamlet is hurt and uproared by his mothers betrayal and his uncles rise to become king. He has an extraordinary understanding and perception of others and himself.      Hamlet understands himself and uses this as a strength for his revenge. He feels very strongly about his fathers murder and hopes to seek a confession from King Claudius. "ill wipe away all trivial fond records, all saw books, all forms, all pressures past that youth and observation copied there" <act one, scene five> this is when small town becomes determined to carry out the revenge after he speaks to the ghost. He shows strong signs of a studious nature and plans to carry them out against claudius. which he does, just now not by blantent confrontation. Hes wise enough to know claudius would never admit his sin that "is rank, it smeels to heaven", so he divises the mousetrap play. This plan shows he thinks on-key but will not act too quickly on this. He gives this plan great thought and makes careful decisions. Hamlets understanding of others helps discover the liquidator of his father. His quick instincts tell him that the childhood friends Claudius wanted him to reunite with were spies. By asking them simple questions, Hamlet found Rosencrantz and Guildenstein werent who they said they were.

My Self Improvement Project: Time Management Essays -- time management

I write this clear and concise reflection to discern and evaluate an faculty member problem that I feel is negatively impacting my studies which is sequence management separatewise, I find lot of difficulty to manage my conviction.This problem influences my academician and personal life because I cannot manage my time correctly in order to be successful. Firstly I am not organized and I dont have any fancy to set and apply. This shows clearly the difficulty of my critical situation. I became to feel anxious and nervous all the time and also it affects on my grade. According to this I must change the way I deal with my time by changing the methodology and follow other time management strategies. The reality that I never have manage my time and now I regret deeply that I dont have any schedule to follow then I realize that managing time is necessary and very important.I find myself rushing at the coda minute to complete my assignments and do my homework without being ready to d o them physically and morally. I also find my self forgetting what I have to do , missing deadlines, putting some unrealistic goals, worrying about an exam if I dont prepare for it. I often waste my button on less important tasks consequently, I fail to complete successfully the more important ones. I sleep very late then I dont have enough hours to sleep ,so I cant wake up freshly ,therefore I come not following normally my courses, concentrating ,and focusing on my works. I am easily distracted by my gadgets and other external tendencies.I face some anxiety and health problems. I feel embarrassed and stressed because I dont have time to accomplish my goals, because I have a great part of time in my leisure time take for instance, I spend lot of time talking on... ...nize my targets by classify them by the authority, then succeed and be successful.The strategies that I used and the strategies that I have implement to reduceare efficient. But the most effective are create week sch edule and plan my work each day because in this two strategies I can make adjustment at the weekend because as we know the weekend is the largest stave off of spare time, it may be helpful to complete tasks that take longer than planned and I also use the daily activity table with newspaper column of tasks prioritizing. The least effective strategies are testing my work each fifteen days and adjusting my plans each day.After I achieve in reducing this academic problem, I still also have some academic problems but not with the same difficulty take for instance, procrastination. But I think in managing my time effectively I will not be procrastinator anymore.

My Self Improvement Project: Time Management Essays -- time management

I write this clear and concise reflection to identify and evaluate an pedantic problem that I feel is negatively impacting my studies which is time instruction otherwise, I find lot of difficulty to manage my time.This problem influences my academic and personal vivification because I cannot manage my time correctly in order to be successful. Firstly I am not organized and I dont have any plan to set and apply. This shows clearly the difficulty of my critical situation. I became to feel anxious and nervous all the time and also it affects on my grade. According to this I must change the way I deal with my time by changing the methodology and follow other time management strategies. The reality that I never have manage my time and now I regret deeply that I dont have any schedule to follow then I realize that managing time is necessary and very important.I find myself rushing at the last minute to slay my assignments and do my homework without being ready to do them physically an d morally. I also find my self forgetting what I have to do , missing deadlines, position some unrealistic goals, worrying about an exam if I dont prepare for it. I often waste my energy on little important tasks consequently, I fail to complete successfully the more important ones. I sleep very late then I dont have enough hours to sleep ,so I cant wake up freshly ,therefore I come not following normally my courses, concentrating ,and focusing on my works. I am easily distracted by my gadgets and other external tendencies.I face some anxiety and health problems. I feel low and stressed because I dont have time to accomplish my goals, because I have a great part of time in my leisure time take for instance, I spend lot of time talking on... ...nize my targets by classify them by the authority, then succeed and be successful.The strategies that I apply and the strategies that I have implement to reduceare efficient. But the most good are create week schedule and plan my work f rom each one day because in this two strategies I can make adjustment at the weekend because as we know the weekend is the largest block of spare time, it may be helpful to complete tasks that take longer than planned and I also use the daily activity table with column of tasks prioritizing. The least effective strategies are testing my work each fifteen days and adjusting my plans each day.After I achieve in reducing this academic problem, I tranquilize also have some academic problems but not with the same difficulty take for instance, procrastination. But I think in managing my time efficaciously I will not be procrastinator anymore.

Human Resource Definition Essay

1.Contingent workers- Someone who is not an employee, but a temporary or part- duration worker for a specific period of time and type of work. Employee engagement- The extent to which individuals feel linked to organizational success and how the organization performs positively. clement capital- The collective value of the capabilities, k at one timeledge, skills, life experiences, and motif of an organizational manpower. Human resource heed- Designing management systems to ensure that human talent is used effectively and efficiently to accomplish organizational goals Organizational culture- The dual-lane values and beliefs in an organization. Productivity- Measure of the quantity and quality of work make, considering the cost of the resources used Sustainability-Being able to continue to operate, survive, and adjust to significant changes.--Essay Questions Answer the next essay questions based on the book and class discussions.2. Ethical behavior in an organization is likely to occur when an ethics program includes these quatern elements The four elements necessary to quantify an organizations ethics ar 1) written code of ethics and standards 2) ethics training to executives, managers, and employees 3) availability for advice on ethical situations (i.e. advice lines or offices) and 4) systems for confidential reporting3. What challenges face HR managers with regard to workforce availability and quality? What argon potential solutions? Future supply of and demand for employees and the nature of workforce issues, including the retention of employees. These factors are used when recruiting applicants for job openings. The selection process is concerned with choosing qualified individuals to fill those jobs.4. What are the three major roles of HR management? Which is/are the most affected by technology and outsourcing? Which roles are growing in importance? 1) administrative, 2) operational and employee advocate, and 3) strategic.5. Identify the key compe tencies collected by all HR professionals, and the additional competencies needed by senior HR leaders. HR professionals need competencies in strategic knowledge and impacts capabilities in legal, administrative, and operational areas and technology knowledge abilities. aged(a) HR leaders need these areas plus other(a)s to be effective.-HR advertise Read the following and then in teams, dish up the following questionsHR Headline The Challenges and Crises lining HR Management Recent economic downturns, industry crises, bank failures, closing of plants and stores, changes in global operations, and other factors have significantly affected organizations, managers, and Human resource (HR) management professionals. Some jobs are in high demand while others are being eliminated. According to surveys, some of the biggest problems include the following 1) Adjusting benefits programs ascribable to change magnitude costs2) Attracting and retaining key employees 3) Planning for replac ement of baby boomers when they retire 4) Using talent management to train and develop capabilities of employees for future job postulate 5) traffic with the expanded personal and organizational use of HR technology through blogs, wikis, twitters, text messaging, and other aspects and 6) Complying with revised and changing federal, state, and local legal requirements bear upon discrimination, discourse errors, unionization, and others.Questions for Discussion1. What do you think will be the most important change in the economy that will influence HR management operations? Explain. Their media tend to be a big part of it since that how things are function much. There are so many direction to communicate and desexualise things done faster and is more time saving. Also attracts different type of batch with different types of skills. 2. How do you think technology changes will change the way HR professionals do recruiting and selection of employees? What are the pros and cons of any changes? It helps people have easier way to apply for jobs or to show their talents. Help HR find people with the skills that they are looking for. But it also disqualifies many people for the reason they are in the internet/ profiles.3. The number of jobs in HR is predicted to increase surrounded by now and 2018. Explain why you think that is? They are going to need more people to be able to hire other that are aright for the jobs kind of than outsourcing. Since many people are baby boomer, there are going retired soon so that means many companies are going to need mod heiress there need HR to be able to cover all the new people that are coming.HR Headline The Challenges and Crises Facing HR Management Recent economic downturns, industry crises, bank failures, closing of plants and stores, changes in global operations, and other factors have significantly affected organizations, managers, and Human Resource (HR) management professionals. Some jobs are in high demand while others are being eliminated. According to surveys, some of the biggest problems include the following 1) Adjusting benefits programs due to increasing costs 2) Attracting and retaining key employees3) Planning for replacement of baby boomers when they retire 4) Using talent management to train and develop capabilities of employees for future job needs 5) Dealing with the expanded personal and organizational use of HR technology through blogs, wikis, twitters, text messaging, and other aspects and 6) Complying with revised and changing federal, state, and local legal requirements affecting discrimination, treatment errors, unionization, and others.Questions for Discussion4. What do you think will be the most important change in the economy that will influence HR management operations? Explain. Their media tend to be a big part of it since that how things are function more. There are so many way to communicate and get things done faster and is more time saving. Also attracts different type of people with different types of skills. 5. How do you think technology changes will change the way HR professionals do recruiting and selection of employees?What are the pros and cons of any changes? It helps people have easier way to apply for jobs or to show their talents. Help HR find people with the skills that they are looking for. But it also disqualifies many people for the reason they are in the internet/ profiles. 6. The number of jobs in HR is predicted to increase between now and 2018. Explain why you think that is? They are going to need more people to be able to hire other that are right for the jobs rather than outsourcing. Since many people are baby boomer, there are going retired soon so that means many companies are going to need new heiress there need HR to be able to cover all the new people that are coming.--Chapter VideoFruit Guys After the video, answer the following questions.6. What do you think will be the most important challenges for HR at Fruit Gu ys in the next five years? SUMMARYIZED THE characterisation It was showing how people in business think in the way of rewarding people in different positions. People that are in a higher position that are being rewarded for their performance in money show there performance actually got worse compare to the people in lower positions that are getting paid less. The study show that the people that have cram time to do a project are more productive and they show more passion on their job. Also people tend to do thing for free in there space time and are more productive since they are not pressured or force to do something they tend to be more productive.7. Based on the CEO and other manager in the video, it appears that HR at Fruit Guys is expected to be involved in all three roles of HR. Describe an example of HR activities at Fruit Guys required for each of these roles shown in Figure 1-9 in the text.

Research on Music Piracy

interrogation on medicament plagiarization A marriage offer Submitted to Ms. Rupal Khambhati Faculty (S. R. Luthra Institute Of Management) BY Farhan 14 Divyesh 23 Huzefa 15 Pratik 31 Bhaumik 58 Hardik 05 November 13, 2011 Executive Summary In todays technological era, the practice of medicine assiduity is in a crisis. Music is being downloaded punishablely more than ever . Rising costs for music coupled with a lack of wrong for pirating music has caused music plagiarisation rates to skyrocket. Be it classical, typical , rock and roll or pop.The research is also about that every student has the major power to access free music through and through music piracy because of the wide variety of sites go it. The problem The real problem in the music indus canvas is the fact that music costs more than what good deal want to pay for it. The problem of piracy has arisen with the rapid advance of technology. There are various sites offering free music to people so why pay for the th ing which you are already getting it free of cost. The lack of proper patent laws or more correctly, the enforcement of these laws allow the perpetrators of this crime to get away scott-free.Due to this rampant piracy, the government is deprived of tax revenues, jobs are lost and research and innovation neer take place. The maximum amount of illegal downloading is done by youngsters in the age group of 20 -25 years. As long as this group does non take note of the losses suffered by the artists, music companies and the government due to this menace, no concrete step can be taken to counter the loss. Research objective Our research objective is to collect information from students that why do they prefer downloading music illegally rather than purchasing it or what would induce them to beget music legally.We believe that most students in questionnaire will say that they have downloaded music illegally and a significant amount of their music is pirated. The interesting transgress o f our research will be the part about guilt and which alternative method they prefer. Another very interesting result will be the terminal question, which method of distributing music would cause people to be more likely to purchase music legally. .Literature review One study conducted by Alejandro Zentner found that because of the loose accessibility to free illegal music, the likelihood for someone to legally purchase music decreases between 35-65% (Zentner 2005).Music piracy is relevant to students because it is found in that illegal music pirating is highest in College and High School Students. There is also an almost peer pressure to pirate music because it seems as if everyone else is doing it and there are roughly no consequences. (Ingram 2008) (Mallin 2009). Boorstin (2004) collected data from the Census in three different years from various cities and regresses the CD sales on each city on the number of people with internet access finding that people who are under 24 wit h internet access tend to decrease their CD consumption.Peitz and Waelbroeck (2004) found their data from 16countries and they try to figure the effects of digital downloading on physical music sales. In their findings they conclude that among the factors that influence sales is the GDP growth, Mp3 downloads and the availability of broadband. Levi, Dato-on and Rhee (2004) try to identify how consumer ethics are connected to music piracy by conducting both qualitative and quantitative research to a sample of college students.Their findings prove that people who download have little ethical concern and they also believe that their action will harm neither the record company nor the artist. Benefits Of Study ? To change magnitude public education and awareness regarding piracy. ? Finding various alternatives to curb piracy such as creation of separate music websites which will reduce the operational cost for distributing and can make very large profits by putting advertisements on t he website. ? To get opinions and ideas from people as what steps they think should be taken to stop piracy and design a suitable system to curb piracy on the basis of that. The items that counterfeiters and pirates produce are often substandard, sometimes endangering the lives of those who purchase them. These illicit activities steal market region from legitimate businesses and undermine innovation, with negative implications for economic growth. ? This research is important because when finally proposing a solution, the approval of the populations that download music at the highest rates, which is college students, should be taken into serious consideration.Also since there is so little research as to the correlation between different demographics in any case age done, my research can help to find if there is a correlation and if there is, it can be useful to target certain methods for eradicating piracy within a population. Research design Data collection design ? Type of stu dy Informative study It helps us to find solutions to the problem through various suggestions and answers obtained through questionnaire ? Data type Primary dataThe data which we are going to obtain is fresh as various students will share their suggestions and answers through questionnaire prepared by us. ? Data collection tool Questionnaire Sampling design ? Sampling frame As the survey is related to music piracy, so mainly students from college background are surveyed ? Sample size In sample size we would like to take 50 students Bibliography Frost, R. L. (2007). Rearchitecting the music business Mitigating music piracy by cutting out the record companies. First Monday, 12(8).Retrieved from http//firstmonday. org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index. php/fm/article/view/1 Ingram, J. R. & Hinduja, S. (2008). Neutralizing Music Piracy An Empirical Examination. DevianBehavior,29(4), Kusek, D. , & Leonhard, G. (2005). The future of music Manifesto for the digital music revolution. Boston Berk lee Press. Malin, J. , & Fowers, B. J. (2009). Adolescent self-control and music and movie piracy. Computers in Human Behavior, 718-722. Retrieved from http//www. sciencedirect. com/science? _ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VDC-4VHXDV8-1

Conditioning: Psychology

Learning is an important skill that all beings must acquire in regularise to survive or fall prey to Darwinisms main idea of survival of the fittest. Learning is the long lasting effect of a change in behavior. This would constrict the application of acquire conditioning to a few applications. The three most recognizable applications are Hellenic conditioning, operant conditioning, and seeedness by observation. each(prenominal) type of learning is different, but uses similar ideas such(prenominal) as an un lettered arousal, which is usually pabulum, and an unconditioned response, which food is associated with salivation and hunger.There are several slipway that an soulfulness can condition an organism to learn skills through three different applications of learning Greco-Roman, operant, and observation. The idea of classical condition is one of the most notable learning techniques because it involves a stimulus rewarded for a certain response. Naturally, animals and human fuddle unconditioned stimulus that triggers an unconditioned response. The most common connection is the correlation between food and salivation.Food naturally draws organism to it in order to satisfy a drive created by hunger to acquire homeostasis. A response is created because of the organisms reaction to food, which is usually salivation. Classical conditioning is considered an legal way to train an organism to learn habits not naturally associated with certain unconditioned stimulus. This creates a conditioned stimulus. The once unconditioned response is now conditioned to respond to the conditioned stimulus, which is called a conditioned stimulus.An example of conditioned stimulus and response is the example of associating the enlighten bell with food. Children are hungry by nature, but when the school bell is added, the small fryren are reinforced to associate the school bell with lunch date. Classical conditioning is effective when trying the ascertain an organism a sk ills by rewarding the organism with a unconditioned stimulus. An individual could use classical conditioning to teach an organism to learn skills that could aid in their own survival such as teaching human to suspend certain food because of taste.If one were being taught to avert forth from sour tastes, the teachers would first use a food that was extremely sour. By using the individuals innate instinct of hunger, they would give the person a lemon to eat. This sour extremity would cause the person to keep off lemons. The teacher would continuously use this tactic until the person has acquired the skill of aversion of lemons. The scholar would have an acquisition of the skill. The teacher would hence condition the savant in a variable interval to constantly reinforce the skill.The learner would then avoid all lemons. This whitethorn cause the learner to generalize the concept of lemon, for example, the learner may generalize the yellow color to symbolize all sour products, s uch as generalizing bananas as being sour. The teacher would then have the obligation of teaching the person how to discriminate items, so that his aversion is just towards lemons. While classical conditioning involves the stimulus being rewarded to incur a response, operant conditioning deals with changing the occurrence and forms of behavior.The main different between operant conditioning and classical conditioning is the operant conditioning deals with modifying the learners uncoerced behavior. Operant conditioning involve consequences to teach desired skills. There are two ways that operant conditioning works, through reinforcement and penalty. Reinforcement comes in two flavors positive reinforcement and controvert reinforcement. Positive reinforcement is the teacher adds something of pleasure to the learners behavior in order to get a certain skill.An example would be a mom allowing her child to play video games if the child put the trash outside. The mom uses the favorable stimulus, which is the video games, in order to achieve a behavior, which is taking out the trash, out of the child. There is also negative reinforcement, in which negative reinforcement is the teacher removing an aversive stimulus, which is usually seen as unpleasant, in order to increase the frequency of a certain behavior. For example, when someone wakes up early in the morning, they use an alarm clock to tell them when to wake up.When the alarm clock is activated, it sends a signal, which is usually an annoying buzzing noise, to the learner that it is time to wake up. To reinforce the behavior of waking up, the learner must get up from bed to turn off the aversive stimulus. Reinforcements are consequences of reinforcing favorable behaviors. Punishments, on the other hand, are consequences in which the teacher tries to reduce the frequency of unfavorable behaviors. As with reinforcements, there are also positive and negative punishments. Positive punishment refers to occurred be havior followed by aversive stimulation, such as shock.An example of positive punishment would be if a child had talked negative to the mom, and the mom would respond with a slap on the wrist in order to lessen the frequency of such behavior. Negative punishment, on the other hand, is the removal of a pleasurable stimulus after the occurrence of an undesirable behavior. As with the example of the mom, and the child taking out the trash, if the children had not taken out the trash, the mom would instead take away the video games to lessen the frequency of not taking out the trash.The problem with punishment is that it may cause the learner to demonstrate bad behavior in response to the punishment through responses of fear or anger, rather than lessen the occurrence of the aversive behavior. Operant conditioning is more effective using reinforcements than punishment. However, using both facets successfully is the most effective way. An individual could teach another through operant co nditioning if one would like to change a voluntary behavior in another. The teacher would have to use reinforcements to reinforce the desired behavior from the learner.For example, if the individual wanted the learner to wash the dishes after eating, the individual would have to give an incentive to the learner in order for the behavior to continue, such as letting a child play video games after end his chores. The continuous stimulation by the positive reinforcement would allow the learner to associate good behavior with pleasurable activities. at a time the learner has acquired the behavior, the learner may generalize the behavior to include doing all his chores in order to gain the positive reinforcement.The teacher would use punishment sparingly to lessen the frequency of aversive behavior such a taking away the video games. The way that an individual could instruct an organism to acquire a skill is through apparent learning. Observable learning is the observations made by th e learner through the actions of the teacher in order to create a skill, or change a behavior. experimental learning is the most commonly used tactic. It allows the learner to learn a skill without reward or consequences. The learner learns through observing the teacher and then imitating the actions of the teacher.This is a more common tactic to teach child skills that are learned and reinforced throughout their adulthood, such as table manners. The individual could teach an organism how to do a skill through observational learning. The individual would do an act that is observed by the learner, and they would have the learner imitate the actions. For example, a mother would like to teach her child table manners. She would demonstrate proper table manners to the child. She would then have the child repeat and imitate her actions. Once the child has acquired that knowledge, the mom would continuously reinforce the behavior.The child would learn table manners without much need for p unishment or reinforcers. The way that observational learning works, some may categorized observational learning as operant conditioning because it usually involves changing behaviors. The individual could use these three conditioning techniques in conjunction with each other, in combination with them, or separately. Either way, these techniques, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational leanring, are the effective way to show an organism how to learn skills.

Computer Game Addiction Essay

ABSTRACTWith the constant improvements in gaming technology, ranging from graphics to new types of controllers to faster processors, there is a growing problem of reckoner game addiction. In consecrate to fully understand this problem, one must define addiction. According to the Center for Addiction and cordial Health, addiction is a psychological or a physical dependence on something.LITERATURE REVIEWIn this paper, we will discuss the problem of computer game addiction, one of the most addictive games, and ways to prevent or watch addiction.Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing GamesGame addiction really started turning into a problem with the advent of Massively Multiplayer Online Role- Playing Games, or MMORPGs. While regular games would keep you entertained until you beat it, MMORPGs have no ending, so there really is no reason to stop acting. MMORPGs immerse the player in the world and since there is no way to beat the game, the goal is character progression. Leveling u p your character and obtaining better and better armor and weapons is usually the norm in most MMORPGs.Addiction QuestionnaireDr. Kimberly Young, known as the worlds foremost Cyber-Psychologist, created a set of eight questions to ask ones self to test for online gaming addiction.1) Do you need to play online games with increasing amounts of time in order to achieve the desired excitement?2) Are you preoccupied with gaming (thinking about it when offline, anticipating your next online session)?3) Have you lied to friends and family members to conceal extent of your online gaming?4) Do you feeling restless or irritable when attempting to cut down or stop online gaming?5) Have you made repeated unsuccessful efforts to control, cut back, or stop online gaming?6) Do you use gaming as a way of escaping from problems or relieve feelings of helplessness, guilt, anxiety, or de sign upion?7) Have you jeopardized or lost a significant relationship, or even risked your marriage because of you r online gaming habit?8) Have you jeopardized a job, educational, or career opportunity because of your online gaming habit?Answering yes to all of those questions could mean that you are addicted. One would think that video games are harmless, but once they start interfering with real life and even take antecedency over it, then there is a real problem. film game addiction has not received official recognition as a diagnosis in theDSM IV standard 8, but is calm aconcern for many large number.Problems with addictionOne study done on the problems of addiction used a modified version of the formal definition of gambling addiction. 607 8th and 9th grade schoolchilds where surveyed, and of these 15% where classified as addicted. Of the addicted students, approximately 80% where male. Less than 30% of non-addicted student reported having been in a fight in the past class, while just about 50% ofaddicted students reported the same. Addiction also correlated with reported argument s with friends, and with teachers. rightful(prenominal) as many students classified as addicted reported having a B average as those classified as nonaddicted. However, there where 4 clock as many F students classified as addictedas there where non-addicted, and far more non-addicted A students than addicted ones. Not surprisingly, students classified as addicted averaged almost 4 times as much playtime as nonaddicted ones 7. These figures are somewhat worrying.World of Warcraft ( bacchanalia)The current king of MMORPGs is World of Warcraft. According to a press release on Blizzards World of Warcraft webpage, World of Warcrafts subscriber base numbers more than 8.5 million, as of March 7, 2007, and it continues to grow any day. The expansion pack that was recently released sold nearly 2.4 million copies worldwide just on the first 24 hours 3. It is often referred to as World of Warcrack. Dr. Maressa Orzak, a Harvard professor and founder of Computer Addiction Services at McLean H ospital in Newton, MA, estimates that as many as 40% of the mess who play WoW are addicted. She believes that games like World of Warcraft are designed to keep people in the game and that they are inherently addictive 4.There are tons of websites just for the purpose of providing support for WoW addiction. The game has a feature where if you type /played into the chat interface, it displays how much time you have spent playing that particular character. Some people report that theyve spent 200 to 300 days played in the game 5. In 2004, Zhang Xiaoyi, a 13 year old Chinese boy, committed self-destruction by jumping off a building afterplaying World of Warcraft for 36 hours straight. He left a suicide note saying that he wanted to join the heroes of the game he worshipped 6.Fig. 1 A large battle between the Alliance and the cloudIs it Addiction?According to Weimer-Hastings and Ng, many people who are excessive MMORPG users are not truly dependent on video games 8. They propose that many of these people use video games not because they are addicted, but because it is the only comfortable social medium for them. This was found through a comparison ofMMORPG player and new(prenominal) video game players. The MMORPG players tended to spend far more time playing, but much of that time is spent socializing. Some MMORPG players who showed long hours of playtime didnt actually show any of the signs of addiction 8. This study shows that care must be taken with the definition of addiction.ConclusionVideo game addiction is something we must cut to terms with as a society. Whether it is decided to be a read full fledged addiction, or just a compulsive behavior, it can still cause trouble in peoples lives. The problem will not go away either, it will probably only get worse, as designers get a better understanding of what makes consumers want their games. On the other hand, the problem is not as bad as it sounds at first. For many people these games are a social outlet, not an addiction. Video games are an integral part of many peoples lives now, and theyre here to stay. Lets learn to use them responsibly.References1. Center for Addiction and Mental Health What is Addiction? http//www.camh.net/About_Addiction_Mental_Health/Drug_and_Addiction_Information/Addiction_Information_Guide/addiction_what_is.html2. Center for Internet AddictionRecovery Are You an Obsessive Online Gamer?http//www.netaddiction.com/resources/online_trading.htm3. Blizzard merriment PressRelease.http//www.blizzard.com/press/070307.shtml4. Rob Wright mmORPGs and GameAddiction. August 8, 2006.http//www.twitchguru.com/2006/08/08/world_of_warcraft_players_addicted/5. WoW Detox Ex-playerstestimonials.http//www.wowdetox.com/6. Associated Press ChineseWarcraftGame Distributor Sued Over Teens Suicide.May 12, 2006.http//www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,195236,00.html7. Hauge, Marny R. & Gentile, Douglas A. Video Game Addiction Among Adolescents Associations with Academic Performance an d Aggression http//www.psychology.iastate.edu/FACULTY/dgentile/SRCD%20Video%20Game%20Addiction.pdf8. Wiemer-Hastings, Peter & NG, Brian D.Addiction to the Internet and Online Gaming Cyberpsychology & Behavior Vol8, Number 2 http//www.liebertonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/cpb.2005.8.110

US Bakery Industry

The US bakehouse industry has combined annual revenue of about $25 billion from commercial bakeries and nearly $2 billion from small retail bakeries. There argon about 2600 commercial bakeries in the US and 7000 small retail bakeries. Some of the leading companies at bottom this industry include Interstate Bakeries and Flower Foods as well as smaller divisions such as Sara Lee and Nabisco. The commercial bakery segment is super concentrated with 80% of the market held by 50 large bakeries. On the other hand, the retail bakery segment is highly fragmented.Larger bakeries dominate the market because they cede greater economies of scale in procurement, production and distri only ifion. The industry is in any case characterized by high automation. However, the end bakery product is generally low value and but the stable bespeak is sufficient to generate modest revenues for most players in the market. The most commonly sold bakery items include adust profits (white, wheat and ry e), rolls, muffins, buns, bagels and croissants. some other popular items include cakes, pies, pastries and doughnuts. (Industry Overview US Bakery Industry Hoovers Online)Competition is tough but differentiation can be attained through automation. Although baking is a low-technology business, the larger the bakery facilities and the more automated the facility the bigger the profits for that company. This is because in large automated facilities, labor costs can be reduced importantly and maximum production can be attained. However, since bakery products are highly perishable, large facilities are only sensible for bakeries which have high sales and do not maintain a great deal of inventories.Bakeries also face competition from coffee outlets and fast food outlets since most of them also carry bakery style products such as bagels, pastries, doughnuts etc. Commercial bakeries again enjoy a commanding position because they can act as suppliers to these outlets while smaller retail bakeries sometimes have to suffer since customers have more inclination to go to fast food outlets then to visit a bakery. Moreover, customer trends are rapidly changing.There was a time when the average consumer desired freshly baked products but now consumers are willing to purchase packaged products and believe that they are safe, easy and convenient to use. Thus, packaged bakery snack products are also snatching the share from retail bakeries which offer freshly baked products to the consumers. (US Bakery Trends) Consumer demands and preferences are also changing constantly. Today, customers have become more health conscious and demand low fat and fat free products. Moreover, customers are now increasingly mindful and quite educated.They have detailed information about nutrition and quality issues and have sophisticated tastes and preferences. That is why the industry has seen a growth in non-traditional bread products such as bagels, flat breads and organic products. Bakerie s have had to change their strategies and their technological capabilities in order to keep up with the changing customer demands and preferences. (Bakeries and Snacks 2005) Bakeries are bear upon by external factors such as volatile prices of raw materials. Most baked goods use ingredients such as flour, sugar and vegetable oil.These are spherical commodities with fluctuating prices so it is important for both commercial and retail bakeries to make intelligent and proactive purchase decisions. Flour is the primary ingredient in baked goods and accounts for the largest cost element for bakery products. Wheat prices are quite volatile and this can have a significant impact on profit margins. terms of butter has a similar impact and many bakeries have switched from butter to vegetable oil but again quality has to be maintained in order to sustain a competitive position within the industry.The US bakery industry also has a growing export segment. Since the 1990s exports of US bakery products have been increasing consistently. It is expected that exports of US bakery products will exceed $250 million by the middle of the decade if not higher. Some of the eye reasons for the growth in exports include rising incomes, increasing populations, growing tourist industries, reduction in trade barriers and an overall increase in global demand for baked goods.The main factors hindering export growth are demand for freshness and transportation limitations. However, with the improvement of technology, bakeries are now able to produce products that overpower these limitations. Moreover, there is always a demand for baked mixes, cookies and doughs that can be easily packaged and transported and that have longer shelf lives. The biggest customer of US baked goods is Canada. It is a huge market and Canadian customers have similar tastes to US customers.It is estimated that nearly half of US bakery products are consumed by Canada. (Clair, Thomas 1992)Bibliography1. Industry O verview US Bakery Industry. Hoovers Online. Retrieved May fifth 2008 http//www. hoovers. com/bakeries/ID__91/free-ind-fr-profile-basic. xhtml.2. Clair, Thomas. (1992) Bakery products exports on the rise. AgExporter. Retrieved May 5th 2008 http//findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m3723/is_n1_v4/ai_11754641/pg_2.3. The Canadian Bread and Bakery Industry. floriculture and Agri Food Canada. Retrieved May 5th 2008 http//www4.agr.gc.ca/AAFC-AAC/display-afficher.do? id=1171653091262&lang=e.4. Bakery industry cashes in on wholegrain trend. 2005. Retrieved May 5th 2008 http//www. bakeryandsnacks. com/news/printNewsBis. asp? id=62237.5. Eyre, Charlotte. US Bakery markets beckons for Vivartia. Retrieved May 5th 2008 http//www. cee-foodindustry. com/news/ng. asp? id=83797-vivartia-nonni-s-wind-point-partners.6. US Bakery Trends. Retrieved May 5th 2008 http//www. bakeinfo. co. nz/industry/trends/article. php? id=43.

The Twilight Saga 3: Eclipse Chapter 3. MOTIVES

THE SUN WAS SO DEEPLY BURIED BEHIND THE CLOUDS that there was no(prenominal) sort to bear witness if it had set or not. After the long f rest chasing the sun westward so that it seemed unmoving in the sky it was especi e trulyy disorienting time seemed strangely variable. It took me by surprise when the forest gave way to the first buildings, signaling that we were nearly home.Youve been very quiet, Edward observed. Did the bland aim you sick?No, Im okay.Are you sad to leave?to a greater extent relieved than sad, I think.He raised cardinal eyebrow at me. I knew it was useless(prenominal) and much as I hated to admit it supernumerary to ask him to keep his eye on the road.Rene is so much more . . . perceptive than Charlie in some ways. It was making me jumpy.Edward laughed. Your mother has a very elicit mind. Almost childlike, but very insightful. She sees affairs differently than other people.Insightful. It was a good description of my mother when she was paying attentio n. Most of the time Rene was so bewildered by her own life that she didnt notice much else. salve this weekend shed been paying plenty of attention to me.Phil was busy the high school baseball team he coached was in the playoffs and being alone with Edward and me had only sharpened Renes focus. As soon as the hugs and squeals of delight were start of the way, Rene began to watch. And as shed watched, her wide blue eyeball had generate first confused and thus concerned.This morning wed gone for a walk along the beach. She wanted to show off all the beauties of her new home, shut up hoping, I think, that the sun might lure me away from Forks. Shed also wanted to talk with me alone, and that was easily arranged. Edward had fabricated a term paper to give himself an excuse to uph obsolescent in doorsills during the day.In my passport, I went by dint of the conversation again. . . .Rene and I ambled along the sidewalk, trying to stay in the range of the infrequent palm tree s hadows. though it was early, the heat was smothering. The air was so heavy with moisture that reasonable breathing in and out was giving my lungs a workout.Bella? my mother asked, looking out historical the sand to the lightly crashing waves as she spoke.What is it, Mom?She sighed, not meeting my gaze. Im worried. . . .Whats wrong? I asked, ardent at once. What can I do?Its not me. She move her head. Im worried some you . . . and Edward.Rene finally looked at me when she utter his name, her lawsuit apologetic.Oh, I mumbled, fixing my eye on a pair of joggers as they passed us, drenched with sweat.You ii are more serious than Id been thinking, she went on.I frowned, readily reviewing the last devil days in my head. Edward and I had barely touched in front of her, at least. I wondered if Rene was slightly to give me a get to on responsibility, too. I didnt mind that the way I had with Charlie. It wasnt embarrassing with my mom. After all, Id been the one giving her that lecture time and time again in the last ten years. theres something . . . strange about the way you two are together, she murmured, her forehead creasing over her troubled eyes. The way he watches you its so . . . protective. Like hes about to throw himself in front of a bullet to save you or something.I laughed, though I was still not able to meet her gaze. Thats a mentally ill thing?No. She frowned as she struggled for the words. Its just different. Hes very intense about you . . . and very careful. I looking at like I dont really on a lower floorstand your relationship. Like theres some secret Im missing. . . .I think youre imagining things, Mom, I express quickly, struggling to keep my voice light. There was a flutter in my stomach. Id forgotten how much my mother byword. Something about her simple view of the world cut through all the distractions and pierced castigate to the truth of things. This had never been a problem before. Until today, there had never been a sec ret I couldnt tell her.Its not just him. She set her lips defensively. I appetite you could see how you move around him.What do you mean?The way you move you orient yourself around him without even thinking about it. When he moves, even a smallish bit, you adjust your position at the same time. Like magnets . . . or gravity. Youre like a . . . satellite, or something. Ive never seen anything like it.She pursed her lips and stared down.Dont tell me, I teased, forcing a smile. Youre reading mysteries again, arent you? Or is it sci-fi this time?Rene flushed a delicate pink. Thats beside the point.Found anything good?Well, there was one but that doesnt matter. Were talking about you right now.You should annoy to romance, Mom. You grapple how you freak yourself out.Her lips turned up at the corners. Im being swooning, arent I?For half a second I couldnt answer. Rene was so easily swayed. Sometimes it was a good thing, because not all of her ideas were practical. But it irritation ed me to see how quickly she caved in to my trivializing, especially since she was dead right this time.She looked up, and I controlled my expression.Not silly just being a mom.She laughed and then gestured grandly toward the white sands stretching to the blue water.And all this isnt enough to get you to move digest in with your silly mom?I wiped my hand dramatically a insure my forehead, and then pretended to wring my hair out.You get used to the humidity, she promised.You can get used to rain, too, I countered.She elbowed me playfully and then took my hand as we walked back to her car.Other than her worries about me, she seemed happy enough. Content. She still looked at Phil with goo- goo eyes, and that was comforting. sure as shooting her life was full and satisfying. Surely she didnt miss me that much, even now. . . .Edwards icy fingers brushed my cheek. I looked up, blinking, approach shot back to the present. He leaned down and kissed my forehead.Were home, Sleeping Beauty . Time to awake.We were stopped in front of Charlies house. The porch light was on and the cruiser was parked in the driveway. As I examined the house, I saw the curtain twitch in the living room window, flashing a line of yellow light across the coloured lawn.I sighed. Of course Charlie was waiting to pounce.Edward must have been thinking the same thing, because his expression was stiff and his eyes remote as he came to get my door for me.How bad? I asked.Charlies not going to be difficult, Edward promised, his voice level with no hint of humor. He missed you.My eyes narrowed in doubt. If that was the case, then why was Edward tensed as if for a battle?My bag was small, but he insisted on carrying it into the house. Charlie held the door open for us.Welcome home, dupe Charlie shouted like he really meant it. How was Jacksonville?Moist. And buggy.So Rene didnt sell you on the University of Florida?She tried. But Id rather drink water than barrack it.Charlies eyes flickered unwil lingly to Edward. Did you have a nice time?Yes, Edward answered in a serene voice. Rene was very hospitable.Thats . . . um, good. Glad you had fun. Charlie turned away from Edward and pulled me in for an unheralded hug.Impressive, I whispered in his ear.He rumbled a laugh. I really missed you, Bells. The food around here sucks when youre gone.Ill get on it, I said as he let me go.Would you call Jacob first? Hes been bugging me every five minutes since six oclock this morning. I promised Id have you call him before you even unpacked.I didnt have to look at Edward to feel that he was too still, too cold beside me. So this was the cause of his tension.Jacob wants to talk to me?Pretty bad, Id say. He wouldnt tell me what it was about just said it was important.The phone rang then, shrill and demanding.Thats him again, Id bet my next paycheck, Charlie muttered.I got it. I hurried to the kitchen.Edward followed by and by me while Charlie disappeared into the living room.I grabbed the p hone mid-ring, and deformed around so that I was facing the wall. Hello?Youre back, Jacob said.His familiar husky voice sent a wave of wistfulness through me. A thousand memories spun in my head, tangling together a rocky beach strewn with driftwood trees, a garage made of plastic sheds, warm sodas in a paper bag, a tiny room with one too-small shabby loveseat. The laughter in his deep-set black eyes, the feverish heat of his big hand around mine, the flash of his white teeth against his dark skin, his face stretching into the wide smile that had always been like a key to a secret door where only kindred spirits could enter.It mat up sort of like homesickness, this longing for the betoken and person who had sheltered me through my darkest night.I cleared the lump from my throat. Yes, I answered.Why didnt you call me? Jacob demanded.His angry intent instantly got my back up. Because Ive been in the house for exactly four seconds andyour call interrupted Charlie telling me that y oud called.Oh. Sorry.Sure. Now, why are you harassing Charlie?I need to talk to you.Yeah, I figured out that part all by myself. Go ahead.There was a short pause.You going to school tomorrow?I frowned to myself, futile to make sense of this question. Of course I am. Why wouldnt I?I dunno. Just curious.Another pause.So what did you want to talk about, Jake?He hesitated. Nothing really, I guess. I . . . wanted to hear your voice.Yeah, I exist. Im so glad you called me, Jake. I . . . But I didnt know what more to say. I wanted to tell him I was on my way to La Push right now. And I couldnt tell him that.I have to go, he said abruptly.What?Ill talk to you soon, okay?But Jake -He was already gone. I listened to the dial tone with disbelief.That was short, I muttered.Is everything all right? Edward asked. His voice was low and careful.I turned mutely to face him. His expression was perfectly smooth out impossible to read.I dont know. I wonder what that was about. It didnt make sense that Jacob had been hounding Charlie all day just to ask me if I was going to school. And if hed wanted to hear my voice, then why did he hang up so quickly?Your guess is probably better than mine, Edward said, the hint of a smiletugging at the corner of his mouth.Mmm, I murmured. That was true. I knew Jake inside and out. It shouldnt be that complicated to figure out his motivations.With my thoughts miles away about fifteen miles away, up the road to La Push I started combing through the fridge, assembling ingredients for Charlies dinner. Edward leaned against the counter, and I was distantly aware that his eyes were on my face, but too preoccupied to worry about what he saw there.The school thing seemed like the key to me. That was the only real question Jake had asked. And he had to be after an answer to something, or he wouldnt have been bugging Charlie so persistently.Why would my attendance record matter to him, though?I tried to think about it in a logical way. So, if I had nt been going to school tomorrow, what would be the problem with that, from Jacobs perspective? Charlie had given me a little grief about missing a day of school so end to finals, but Id convinced him that one Friday wasnt going to derail my studies. Jake would hardly care about that.My brain refused to come up with any brilliant insights. mayhap I was missing some merry piece of information.What could have changed in the past trine days that was so important that Jacob would get away his long streak of refusing to answer my phone calls and contact me? What deviance could three days make?I froze in the middle of the kitchen. The package of icy hamburger in my hands slipped through my numb fingers. It took me a slow second to miss the thud it should have made against the floor.Edward had caught it and thrown it onto the counter. His arms were already around me, his lips at my ear.Whats wrong?I shook my head, dazed.Three days could change everything.Hadnt I just been thinking abo ut how impossible college was? How I couldnt be anywhere near people after Id gone through the pesky three-day conversion that would set me free from mortality, so that I could spend eternity with Edward? The conversion that would make me forever a prisoner to my own thirst. . . .Had Charlie told Billy that Id vanished for three days? Had Billy jumped to conclusions? Had Jacob really been asking me if I was still serviceman? Making sure that the werewolves treaty was unbroken that no(prenominal) of the Cullens had dared to bite a human . . . bite, not kill . . . ?But did he honestly think I would come home to Charlie if that was the case?Edward shook me. Bella? he asked, truly anxious now.I think . . . I think he was checking, I mumbled. Checking to make sure. That Im human, I mean.Edward stiffened, and a low hiss sounded in my ear.Well have to leave, I whispered. Before. So that it doesnt break the treaty. We wont ever be able to come back.His arms tightened around me. I know.A hem. Charlie cleared his voice loudly back end us.I jumped, and then pulled free of Edwards arms, my face getting hot. Edward leaned back against the counter. His eyes were tight. I could see worry in them, and anger.If you dont want to make dinner, I can call for a pizza, Charlie hinted.No, thats okay, Im already started.Okay, Charlie said. He propped himself against the doorframe, folding his arms.I sighed and got to work, trying to ignore my audience.If I asked you to do something, would you trust me? Edward asked, an edge to his soft voice.We were almost to school. Edward had been relaxed and joking just a moment ago, and now suddenly his hands were clenched tight on the steering wheel, his knuckles straining in an effort not to snap it into pieces.I stared at his anxious expression his eyes were far away, like he was listening to distant voices.My pulse sped in response to his stress, but I answered carefully. That depends.We pulled into the school lot.I was shocked you woul d say that.What do you want me to do, Edward?I want you to stay in the car. He pulled into his usual spot and turned the engine off as he spoke. I want you to wait here until I come back for you.But . . . why?That was when I saw him. He would have been hard to miss, noble-minded over the students the way he did, even if he hadnt been leaning against his black motorcycle, parked illegally on the sidewalk.Oh.Jacobs face was a calm mask that I recognized well. It was the face he used when he was determined to keep his emotions in check, to keep himself under control. It made him look like Sam, the oldest of the wolves, the leader of the Quileute pack. But Jacob could never quite an manage the perfect serenity Sam always exuded.Id forgotten how much this face twainered me. Though Id gotten to know Sam bewitching well before the Cullens had come back to like him, even Id never been able to completely shake the resentment I felt when Jacob mimicked Sams expression. It was a strangers face. He wasnt my Jacob when he wore it.You jumped to the wrong conclusion last night, Edward murmured. He asked about school because he knew that I would be where you were. He was looking for a safe place to talk to me. A place with witnesses.So Id misinterpreted Jacobs motives last night. Missing information, that was the problem. Information like why in the world Jacob would want to talk to Edward.Im not staying in the car, I said.Edward groaned quietly. Of course not. Well, lets get this over with.Jacobs face hardened as we walked toward him, hand in hand.I notice other faces, too the faces of my dissevermates. I noticed how their eyes widened as they took in all six foot seven inches of Jacobs long organic structure, muscled up the way no normal sixteen-and-a-half-year-old ever had been. I saw those eyes rake over his tight black t-shirt short-sleeved, though the day was unseasonably cool his ragged, grease-smeared jeans, and the glossy black bike he leaned against. Thei r eyes didnt linger on his face something about his expression had them glancing quickly away. And I noticed the wide berth everyone gave him, the bubble of space that no one dared to infringe on.With a sense of astonishment, I realized that Jacob looked dangerous to them. How odd. Edward stopped a few yards away from Jacob, and I could tell that he was uncomfortable having me so close to a werewolf. He drew his hand back slightly, force me halfway behind his body.You could have called us, Edward said in a steel-hard voice.Sorry, Jacob answered, his face twisting into a sneer. I dont have any leeches on my speed dial.You could have reached me at Bellas house, of course.Jacobs jaw flexed, and his brows pulled together. He didnt answer.This is hardly the place, Jacob. Could we discuss this later?Sure, sure. Ill stop by your crypt after school. Jacob snorted. Whats wrong with now?Edward looked around pointedly, his eyes resting on the witnesses who were just barely out of hearing ran ge. A few people were hesitating on the sidewalk, their eyes bright with expectation. Like they were hoping a fight might break out to alleviate the tedium of another Monday morning. I saw Tyler Crowley nudge capital of Texas Marks, and they both paused on their way to class.I already know what you came to say, Edward reminded Jacob in voice so low that I could barely make it out. Message delivered. Consider us warned.Edward glanced down at me for a fleeting second with worried eyes.Warned? I asked blankly. What are you talking about?You didnt tell her? Jacob asked, his eyes widening with disbelief. What, were you afraid shed soak up our side?Please drop it, Jacob, Edward said in an even voice.Why? Jacob challenged.I frowned in confusion. What dont I know? Edward?Edward just glared at Jacob as if he hadnt heard me.Jake?Jacob raised his eyebrow at me. He didnt tell you that his big . . . brother crossed the line Saturday night? he asked, his tone thickly mould with sarcasm. hence his eyes flickered back to Edward. Paul was totally justified in -It was no-mans land Edward hissed.Was notJacob was fuming visibly. His hands trembled. He shook his head and sucked in two deep lungfuls of air.Emmett and Paul? I whispered. Paul was Jacobs most volatile pack brother. He was the one whod lost control that day in the woods the store of the snarling gray wolf was suddenly vividin my head.What happened? Were they rubbish? My voice strained higher in panic. Why? Did Paul get hurt?No one fought, Edward said quietly, only to me. No one got hurt. Dont be anxious.Jacob was staring at us with incredulous eyes. You didnt tell her anything at all, did you? Is that why you took her away? So she wouldnt know that -? impart now. Edward cut him off mid-sentence, and his face was abruptly frightening truly frightening. For a second, he looked like . . . like a vampire. He glared at Jacob with vicious, unveiled loathing.Jacob raised his eyebrows, but made no other move. Why havent you told her?They faced each other in silence for a long moment. More students gathered behind Tyler and Austin. I saw Mike next to Ben Mike had one hand on Bens shoulder, like he was holding him in place.In the dead silence, all the details suddenly fell into place for me with a burst of intuition.Something Edward didnt want me to know.Something that Jacob wouldnt have kept from me.Something that had the Cullens and the wolves both in the woods, moving in hazardous propinquity to each other.Something that would cause Edward to insist that I fly across the country.Something that Alice had seen in a vision last week a vision Edward had lied to me about.Something Id been waiting for anyway. Something I knew would happen again, as much as I might wish it never would. It was never going to end, was it?I heard the quick drag, gasp, gasp, gasp of the air dragging through my lips, but I couldnt stop it. It looked like the school was shaking, like there was an earthquake, but I knew it was my own trembling that caused the illusion.She came back for me, I choked out.Victoria was never going to give up till I was dead. She would keep repeating the same pattern feign and run, feint and run until she found a hole through my defenders.Maybe Id get lucky. Maybe the Volturi would come for me first theyd kill me quicker, at least.Edward held me tight to his side, angling his body so that he was still between me and Jacob, and stroked my face with anxious hands. Its fine, he whispered to me. Its fine. Ill never let her get close to you, its fine.Then he glared at Jacob. Does that answer your question, mongrel?You dont think Bella has a right to know? Jacob challenged. Its her life.Edward kept his voice muted even Tyler, edging forward by inches, would be unable to hear. Why should she be frightened when she was never in danger?Better frightened than lied to.I tried to pull myself together, but my eyes were smooth in moisture. I could see it behind my lids I could see Victorias face, her lips pulled back over her teeth, her crimson eyes glowing with the obsession of her vendetta she held Edward responsible for the death of her love, James. She wouldnt stop until his love was taken from him, too.Edward wiped the tears from my cheek with his fingertips.Do you really think hurting her is better than protecting her? he murmured.Shes tougher than you think, Jacob said. And shes been through worse.Abruptly, Jacobs expression shifted, and he was staring at Edward with an odd, speculative expression. His eyes narrowed like he was trying to do a difficult math problem in his head.I felt Edward cringe. I glanced up at him, and his face was contorted in what could only be pain. For one ghastly moment, I was reminded of our afternoon in Italy, in the macabre tower room of the Volturi, where Jane had tortured Edward with her malignant gift, burning him with her thoughts alone. . . .The memory snapped me out of my near hysteria and put everything in perspect ive. Because Id rather Victoria killed me a hundred times over than watch Edward suffer that way again.Thats funny, Jacob said, laughing as he watched Edwards face.Edward winced, but smoothed his expression with a little effort. He couldnt quite hide the agony in his eyes.I glanced, wide-eyed, from Edwards grimace to Jacobs sneer.What are you doing to him? I demanded.Its nothing, Bella, Edward told me quietly. Jacob just has a good memory, thats all.Jacob grinned, and Edward winced again.Stop it Whatever youre doing.Sure, if you want. Jacob shrugged. Its his own stain if he doesnt like the things I remember, though.I glared at him, and he smiled back impishly like a kid caught doing something he knows he shouldnt by soul who he knows wont punish him.The principals on his way to discourage loitering on school property, Edward murmured to me. Lets get to slope, Bella, so youre not involved.Overprotective, isnt he? Jacob said, talking just to me. A little trouble makes life fun. Le t me guess, youre not allowed to have fun, are you?Edward glowered, and his lips pulled back from his teeth ever so slightly.Shut up, Jake, I said.Jacob laughed. That sounds like a no. Hey, if you ever feel like having a life again, you could come see me. Ive still got your motorcycle in my garage.This news distracted me. You were supposed to sell that. You promised Charlie you would. If I hadnt begged on Jakes behalf after all, hed put weeks of labor into both motorcycles, and he deserved some kind of payback Charlie would have thrown my bike in a Dumpster. And possibly set that Dumpster on fire.Yeah, right. Like I would do that. It belongs to you, not me. Anyway, Ill hold on to it until you want it back.A tiny hint of the smile I remembered was suddenly playing around the edges of his lips.Jake . . .He leaned forward, his face earnest now, the bitter sarcasm fading. I think I might have been wrong before, you know, about not being able to be friends. Maybe we could manage it, on my side of the line. Come see me.I was vividly conscious of Edward, his arms still wrapped protectively around me, motionless as a stone. I shot a look at his face it was calm, patient.I, er, dont know about that, Jake.Jacob dropped the counter faade completely. It was like hed forgotten Edward was there, or at least he was determined to act that way. I miss you every day, Bella. Its not the same without you.I know and Im sorry, Jake, I just . . .He shook his head, and sighed. I know. Doesnt matter, right? I guess Ill survive or something. Who needs friends? He grimaced, trying to cover the pain with a thin attempt at bravado.Jacobs suffering had always triggered my protective side. It was not entirely rational Jacob was hardly in need of any sensible protection I could offer. But my arms, pinned beneath Edwards, yearned to reach out to him. To wrap around his big, warm waist in a silent promise of adoption and comfort.Edwards shielding arms had become restraints.Okay, get to c lass, a stern voice sounded behind us. Move along, Mr. Crowley.Get to school, Jake, I whispered, anxious as soon as I recognized the principals voice. Jacob went to the Quileute school, but he might still get in trouble for trespassing or the equivalent.Edward released me, taking just my hand and pulling me behind his body again.Mr. Greene pushed through the circle of spectators, his brows pressing down like ominous storm cloudsover his small eyes.I mean it, he was threatening. detention for anyone whos still standing here when I turn around again. The audience melted away before he was finished with his sentence.Ah, Mr. Cullen. Do we have a problem here?Not at all, Mr. Greene. We were just on our way to class.Excellent. I dont seem to recognize your friend. Mr. Greene turned his glower on Jacob. Are you a new student here?Mr. Greenes eyes scrutinized Jacob, and I could see that hed come to the same conclusion everyone else had dangerous. A troublemaker.Nope, Jacob answered, half a smirk on his free lips.Then I suggest you remove yourself from school property at once, young man, before I call the police.Jacobs little smirk became a mature grin, and I knew he was picturing Charlie showing up to arrest him. This grin was too bitter, too full of mocking to satisfy me. This wasnt the smile Id been waiting to see.Jacob said, Yes, sir, and snapped a military salute before he climbed on his bike and kicked it to a start right there on the sidewalk. The engine snarled and then the tires squealed as he spun it sharply around. In a matter of seconds, Jacob raced out of sight.Mr. Greene gnashed his teeth together while he watched the performance.Mr. Cullen, I expect you to ask your friend to stop from trespassing again.Hes no friend of mine, Mr. Greene, but Ill pass along the warning.Mr. Greene pursed his lips. Edwards perfect grades and spotless record were clearly a factor in Mr. Greenes assessment of the incident. I see. If youre worried about any trouble, Id be h appy to -Theres nothing to worry about, Mr. Greene. There wont be any trouble.I hope thats correct. Well, then. On to class. You, too, Miss Swan.Edward nodded, and pulled me quickly along toward the English building.Do you feel well enough to go to class? he whispered when we were past the principal.Yes, I whispered back, not quite sure if this was a lie.Whether I felt well or not was hardly the most important consideration. I needed to talk to Edward right away, and English class wasnt the ideal place for the conversation I had in mind.But with Mr. Greene right behind us, there werent a lot of other options.We got to class a little late and took our seats quickly. Mr. Berty was reciting a Frost poem. He ignored our entrance, refusing to let us break his rhythm.I yanked a blank page out of my notebook and started writing, my handwriting more illegible than normal thanks to my agitation.What happened? Tell me everything. And screw the protecting me crap, please.I shoved the note at E dward. He sighed, and then began writing. It took him less time than me, though he wrote an entire paragraph in his own personal calligraphy before he slipped the paper back.Alice saw that Victoria was coming back. I took you out of town merely as a precaution there was never a chance that she would have gotten anywhere close to you. Emmett and Jasper very nearly had her, but Victoria seems to have some instinct for evasion. She escaped right down the Quileute boundary line as if she were reading it from a map. It didnt second that Alices abilities were nullified by the Quileutes involvement. To be fair, the Quileutes might have had her, too, if we hadnt gotten in the way. The big gray one thought Emmett was over the line, and he got defensive. Of course Rosalie reacted to that, and everyone left the following to protect their companions. Carlisle and Jasper got things calmed down before it got out of hand. But by then, Victoria had slipped away. Thats everything.I frowned at the letters on the page. All of them had been in on it Emmett, Jasper, Alice, Rosalie, and Carlisle. Maybe even Esme, though he hadnt mentioned her. And then Paul and the rest of the Quileute pack. It might so easily have turned into a fight, pitting my future family and my old friends against each other. Any one of them could have been hurt. I imagined the wolves would be in the most danger, but picturing tiny Alice next to one of the huge werewolves, fighting . . .I shuddered.Carefully, I scrubbed out the entire paragraph with my eraser and then I wrote over the topWhat about Charlie? She could have been after him.Edward was shaking his head before I finished, obviously going to downplay any danger on Charlies behalf. He held a hand out, but I ignored that and started again.You cant know that she wasnt thinking that, because you werent here. Florida was a bad idea.He took the paper from underneath my hand.I wasnt about to send you off alone. With your luck, not even the black box wo uld survive.That wasnt what Id meant at all I hadnt thought of going without him. Id meant that we should have stayed here together. But I was sidetracked by his response, and a little miffed. Like I couldnt fly cross country without bringing the plane down. Very funny.So lets say my bad luck did crash the plane. What exactly were you going to do about it? Why is the plane crashing?He was trying to hide a smile now.The pilots are passed out drunk.Easy. Id fly the plane.Of course. I pursed my lips and tried again.Both engines have exploded and were falling in a death spiral toward the earth.Id wait till we were close enough to the ground, get a good grip on you, kick out the wall, and jump. Then Id run you back to the scene of the accident, and wed stumble around like the two luckiest survivors in history.I stared at him wordlessly.What? he whispered.I shook my head in awe. Nothing, I mouthed.I scrubbed out the disconcerting conversation and wrote one more line. You will tell me next time.I knew there would be a next time. The pattern would continue until someone lost.Edward stared into my eyes for a long moment. I wondered what my face looked like it felt cold, so the blood hadnt returned to my cheeks. My eyelashes were still wet.He sighed and then nodded once.Thanks.The paper disappeared from under my hand. I looked up, blinkingin surprise, just as Mr. Berty came down the aisle.Is that something youd like to share there, Mr. Cullen?Edward looked up innocently and held out the sheet of paper on top of his folder. My notes? he asked, sounding confused.Mr. Berty scanned the notes no doubt a perfect transcription of his lecture and then walked away frowning. It was later, in Calculus my one class without Edward that I heard the gossip.My moneys on the big Indian, someone was saying.I peeked up to see that Tyler, Mike, Austin, and Ben had their heads bent together, deep in conversation.Yeah, Mike whispered. Did you see the size of that Jacob kid? I think he c ould take Cullen down. Mike sounded pleased by the idea.I dont think so, Ben disagreed. Theres something about Edward. Hes always so . . . confident. I have a feeling he can take care of himself.Im with Ben, Tyler agreed. Besides, if that other kid messed Edward up, you know those big brothers of his would get involved.Have you been down to La Push lately? Mike asked. Lauren and I went to the beach a couple of weeks ago, and believe me, Jacobs friends are all just as big as he is.Huh, Tyler said. Too bad it didnt turn into anything. Guess well never know how it would have turned out.It didnt look over to me, Austin said. Maybe well get to see.Mike grinned. Anyone in the mood for a bet?Ten on Jacob, Austin said at once.Ten on Cullen, Tyler chimed in.Ten on Edward, Ben agreed.Jacob, Mike said.Hey, do you guys know what it was about? Austin wondered. That might affect the odds.I can guess, Mike said, and then he shot a glance at me at the same time that Ben and Tyler did.From their exp ressions, none of them had realized I was in easy hearing distance. They all looked away quickly, shuffling the papers on their desks.I still say Jacob, Mike muttered under his breath.

How economically smart war is Essay

War has been a part of the lives of people since history began. People have battled over different things, ranging from roaming rounds in prehistoric multiplication to control of the world in present day. This essay will analyze how economically smart war is, specifically World War I, from the view of the linked States of America.The US entered World War I in 1917 however, we entered the economic war long before that. The US had been supplying Europe with weapons, bullets, and other equipment into the war. The term mobilizing is apply in warfare, but our economy was getting a boost without the US sending any soldiers out of the inelegant. These products were inelastic, meaning that the consumers of the goods were unresponsive in change in price.For the US, this meant that they could set prices at extreme prices and the countries that could not make these goods themselves or get from another source had to buy the goods at these extreme prices. This created an economic boom for 44 months from 1914-1918. This also eased the process of the US joining the war. It was not as economically straining to mobilize for war because some facilities that would be used for the war were already functioning close to the production possibilities curve. This means that the facilities were functioning at maximum efficiency.During this time period, the unemployment rate went from 7.9% to 1.4%, showing that as soldiers left field to go overseas, jobs opened up on the home front. However, the war had to be paid for somehow, and this somehow came on the form of taxes and bonds. Takes were raised from anywhere from 20%- 60%. War bonds were bought by citizens and were promised to be repaid with interest after the war. However this also would lead to the downfall in the Great Depression, as the government would have no money left to pay the population back with.In my opinion, war has a greater value than the debts it creates. It is about flexing your military muscles to make sure ord er is kept in the world. Some of the things that soldiers lives are lost for are found many years later in the forms of our rights and freedoms and do not have a value that can be expressed in dollars and cents. Because these do not have prices, it is a personal opinion weather a war is economically worth the risk. However, I feel that it is worth being able to live the life that I have now than suffer under laws enforce upon our country by the would-be conquers of my homeland.

Ifrs Adoption in Spain and the United Kingdom: Effects on Accounting Numbers and Relevance

Tutorial questions for Topic 6 look ating exercise Read Gaston et al (2010) article IFRS adoption in Spain and the United Kingdom Effects on invoice poesy and relevance and find out the answer for the following questions Q1 What be the research objectives? (the last 5 paragraphs of dent 1) The main purpose of this research is to compare and contrast the quantitative impact of the IFRS adoption on fiscal reporting in Spain and the UK.There are two main research objectives. First it explores the economic and financial lay out of the IFRS adoption for companies in the two countries. The second objective is to examine whether or not the IFRS will remediate the usefulness of financial reporting. It is expected that companies market rate and curb value will increase downstairs the IFRS adoption in both countries (Gaston et al, 2010). If you use direct quotation instead The first objective of our workplace is to analyse the impact of IFRS on financial reports issued by companies in Spain and the UK (Gaston et al, 2010, p306). Q2 What is the research sample size? (section 3. 1 in page 306) 100 companies from the Madrid Stock Exchange General Index (IGBM) and 74 companies from the pecuniary Time Stock Exchange Index 100 (FTSE 100) (excluding financial institutions, holding companies and insurance firms) are apply for this research.Q3 How many hypotheses are proposed, and what are they? (section 3. 3, p306-308) There are three hypotheses are proposed in this study and they are H01 There are no strong differences in the value of accounting figures and financial ratios determined beneath local generally accepted accounting principles and IFRS H02 There are no significant differences in the relative impact of IFRS on the value of accounting figures and financial ratios in the UK and Spain H03There are no significant differences in the book values (per local GAAP and IFRS) and market value of firms H04 There are no significant differences in the Gap(spainlocal ), Gap(uklocal) and Gap(spainifrs), Gap(ukifrs) (Gaston et al, 2010, p307). Q4 What are the research findings? (section 5, page 312) H01 There are no significant differences in the value of accounting figures and financial ratios determined under local GAAP and IFRS H01 is jilted (not true) in both Spanish and British companies because After IFRS adoption, Spanish firms showing (p308)Increases in fixed and total assets, long-term liabilities, short-term liabilities and indebtedness. Decreases in accepted assets, current ratio and solvency After IFRS adoption, UK firms showing (p309) Increases in fixed and total assets, long-term liabilities, short-term liabilities, run income, net income, indebtedness and return on equity. Decreases in current assets, equity and solvency H02 There are no significant differences in the relative impact of IFRS on the value of accounting figures and financial ratios in the UK and Spain H02 is rejected (not true) in both Spanish and British companies because the relative impact of IFRS has been statistically different in Spain and the UK on fixed assets, current assets, long-term and short-term liabilities, operating and net income, solvency, indebtedness, return on assets and return on equity (Table 8, p309) H03 There are no significant differences in the book values (per local GAAP and IFRS) and market value of firms H03 is rejected (not true) in both Spanish and British companies because the market value of firms is statistically different from the book value calculated with both local standards and IFRS (Table 11, p311). H04 There are no significant differences in the Gap(spainlocal), Gap(uklocal) and Gap(spainifrs), Gap(ukifrs) H04 is rejected (not true) in both Spanish and British companies because there are significant differences amid accounting and market values these results are the same both in Spain and UK, as well as they apply local or international standardsthe market value is significantly higher than the book value in all cases (p312)

Genetic Modified Food

Introduction Food is every material consumed to provide nutritional support for the body which it is probably from plant or animal t palpebra holds all important(p) nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, or minerals (Shah, 2006). Despite the importance of the viands but it depart be malign in human health if it was genetically limited. So, genetically limited Food, is fodder that has been well genetically altered.Furtherto a greater extent, they atomic number 18 viandss harvest-tides from genetically special organisms that have had their deoxyribonucleic acid changed through genetic engineering which the DNA is the chemical within the nucleus of a cell that transmits the genetic orders for making living organisms. So, Genetic engineering can be completed with plants and animals like for good example, the most mutual modified regimen that resulting from plants are soybean, canola, cotton seed crude and corn (Shah, 2006).In addition, the benefits of geneti cally engineered victuals such as victuals will be tastier, more nutritive food, the plants and animals grow faster, some healthful foods that could be used as vaccines and decreased use of pesticides (Shah, 2006). This assignment will shed the light on the history of GMF, the advantages and disadvantages, discussing the role of the food exertion in the marketing of the GMF and bring about the opinions of government and food companies about GMF. To define more genetically modified food, which it is food that taked by ever-changing the DNA of an organism, which probably done with a plant that make food.It begins by inserting a gene in organisms genome to cr decimatee new characteristics (Organization, 2012). Moreover, these characteristics contain a confrontation to wildflowers, pests or herbicides, growth rate will ontogenesis faster and improved nutrients. Moreover, people can produce hereditarily modified food by altering the meat of the genes in an organism by simply adj usting the genes. Furthermore, the history of genetically modified food started since scientists discovered that DNA can transmit between organisms in 1946.The first product of genetically modified food trim back was a tomato created by California Company in the early1990s which they called it Flavr Savr tomato that it have been submitted to the US food and drug administration in 1992 (Organization, 2012). However the aspect of GM food has received much reproval after marketable introduction of these in the form of making them accessible to the general public. The food industry has grown and stabilized strongly, be construct of the increasing demand of the population for food resources (Nataliya Moglina, 2010).To keep up with it, the food providing companies or farmers had to adjust in their production plans, one of the methods besides good marketing, was to genetically modify the crops of plants and the meat sources (Nataliya Moglina, 2010). oer the past decade, consumers have s howed a high level of anxiety about the safety of the food source, which consumers asked for assurances that food is free from materials such as pesticides, hormones and antibiotics. Moreover, some consumers accepted on the benefits of chemicals in the food production that resulted in cosmetically perfect fruits and vegetables at low price.It has been seen in the previous researches that the worldwide consumers respond blackballly towards food products made from genetically modified food which they try to avoid taking and consuming GMF because of the risks and negative do on the human health. Some studies in US showed a higher acceptance from consumers on ergonomics and genetically modified food than different countries. Furthermore, China, India, Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia are the main countries are working on modified crops in Asia.Nevertheless, in developing countries only little acceptance have been showed toward genetically modified food. In my opinion, most of the consumers they mostly refuse victimisation genetically modified food because of the risks on their health such as liver cancer, allergies, heart diseases, and colon cancer and it may damage nerves system. However, the marketing is promoting the product and attract people to buy these products even if they are harmful on their health also it patron them to achieve more sales.Recently, genetic modified food is being consumed in a big join to provide peoples needs of food according to the increasing numbers of the population, which it produces cheap, safe and nutritious foods. The advantages and disadvantages of GMF caused diverse opinions and arguments in different countries (Amin, 2011). So the advantages of GM foods such as, good quality of food, offer inexpensive and nutritious food like carrots with more antioxidants, provide food with a greater shelf life like tomatoes hat taste better and last longer, produce food with medicinal benefits for instance bananas with bacterial or rotavirus antigens, and produce crops that require less chemical application, such as herbicide resistant canola. Despite the many advantages to genetically modified food there are also several disadvantages. The main impact is that genetically modified foods are original and it is difficult to know all the coming effects it might be on human health and environment (Amin, 2011).Another disadvantage is the possible impact it could have to human health, like for example some of new genes that are inserted into food can be resilient to specific antibiotics, so when we eat these products the effectiveness of antibiotics might be reduced. Also new allergens could be suddenly created and well-known allergens might be transmitted to new foods, for instance when the genetic factor of the peanuts was taken and put in a tomato so people that are allergic to peanuts could be allergic also to tomato (Amin, 2011).Genetically modified food endures a debatable subject which some experts trust tha t the future of GM crops is at a crossroad (Biggs, 2007). Some genetic modification of food has helped producers more than consumers because it gives more products faster which can be change to the consumers and most of the consumers cannot accept to get specific nutrients from genetically modified food (Biggs, 2007). So, the future of GM foods seems to bet on purpose of issues linked to cross-pollination and change of existing crops, the viability of small farms, consumer benefits, and other worries (Biggs, 2007).After the appearance of genetically modified food, some people were against of using these products according to the risks on their health which the other side of people was with using these products because of the advantages (Biggs, 2007). This issue leaded to debates and different arguments such as, the government was against of using these products so it has decided to introduce miscellanea of genetically modified food to protect consumers from misuses of producers and providers of biotechnology products ( council, 2007) .Also it will allow for the consumers to choose between genetically modified or non-Genetically modified food. So the labeling polices depend on the supposition that the industry is incapable or unwilling to recognize the risks that inherited in their GMF products (council, 2007). Thus, the government gets involved in the market with obligatory labeling policies to chequer consumer protection from possible health and safety risks related with depletion of GM food.Moreover, environmental activities, religious administrations, professional associations and other scientists have worries about GM food so it seems that everybody has a strong view which most worries of GM food separated into environmental dangers, human health risks and economic concerns (Herbert, 2005). From my side am impartial, I contain and approve with some of the advantages that GMF have, like feeding the hungry mass of people and enriching the world economy by constantly providing the food supply to sell and buy.On the other hand I find the cons are more harmful and despicable, the gene engineering of an organisms is harmful to the human body in an indirect way, no proved studies but some rare cases brings the big question. Conclusion In conclusion, hereditarily modified food they are food that provided by crops and their genetic has been changed to develop their agricultural qualities. As I have mentioned about the positive and negative impact such as the grow rate of the plants will be faster some medicinal foods that could be used as vaccines and decreased use of pesticides.However, the disadvantages mostly effects on peoples health and cause disease due to misusing of herbicides on the crops. So in my opinion GMF has the potential to solve several of the worlds longing and starvation problems and to protect the environment from the over using of chemical pesticides and herbicides and GMF should be a good reply for the worlds in creasing population because it reached six billion and it might double in the coming 50 geezerhood and according to growing population many people will die and mare children will be suffer starvation because of food shortage.References Amin, L. (2011, September 29). Risks and benefits of genetically modified food. pp. 1-3. Association, N. S. (2007, March 6). Genetically Modified Crops . pp. 4-5. Biggs, A. (2007). biota . New York National Geographic . Chapman, J. (2006, December 2). History of genetically modified food. Retrieved November 24, 2012, from